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Saturday, November 12, 2005
No Need to Fret About Waterboarding: It's Merely a Psychological Ploy
Marty Lederman
OK, it's the Wall Street Journal editorial page, so one has to expect that nothing's beyond the pale. But still. Today's apologia for torture is a bit much.
Comments:
No surprise really. "We were just kidding -- can't you take a joke?" is the first line of defense for bullies everywhere.
The worst part about all of this is the unwillingness of anyone at the WSJ, or in a lot of other places, to admit that the agents of the US government who torture and committ inhumane acts are just flat out wrong about the value of the detainees they are tormenting. The WSJ article even notes that none of the victims at Abu Ghraib were of any intelligence value
And then they blow this point off by saying that "tactics should be morally defensible based on who the detainee is." And abuses that do happen they blame on the "night shift," when it was made clear in the Taguba Report that military interrogators and the CIA pushed for "physical and mental conditions for favorable interrogation of witnesses." They aren't just making a terrible argument - they are lying to do it.
Get a load of the Wikipedia definition of "waterboarding" Lederman cites to refute the WSJ's assertion that it's a "psychological technique."
"Breathing is extremely difficult and the victim will be in imminent fear of death by asphyxiation." "Imminent fear of death," not "fear of imminent death." To me, this does sound like a "psychological technique" because what is "imminent" to the interrogatee is "fear" not "death." Note, too, the definition goes on to say "However, it is relatively difficult to aspirate a large amount of water since the lungs are higher than the mouth, and the victim is unlikely to actually expire if this is done by skilled torturers." Ironically, Lederman's post seems to make the WSJ's point, not refute it!
Torture is torture: the point is to inflict suffering. I actually think psychological torture is potentially worse than physical torture.
Charles,
How, then, would you describe those who oppose the death penalty by arguing that "life in prison without parole" is worse and more fitting punishment than execution? Are they torturers? What's the answer: execution or let the killer go free? This is the problem with making the "torture" issue a nebulous debte about one's own absolute moral superiority of motive, rather than an objective policy definition of rules of conduct, to whom they should apply and under what circumstances.
EDH:
As rhetorical strategies go, picking apart the grammatical construction of a sentence in Wikipedia is barely worthy of high-school debate team. Such semantic games suggest an amazing lack of interest in human reality. If someone were causing you to choke on water, do you really think you'd be experiencing "imminent fear" - or just plain "fear"? And did it ever occur to you that when your breathing is being made extremely difficult, and water is going into your lungs - even in non-fatal amounts - it is extremely physically uncomfortable? If someone strangled you with their hands or a piece of rope, or pushed your head underwater repeatedly until you breathed water, I can't believe you would deny you were physically assaulted, just because you didn't actually die. In fact, you'd probably be more likely to describe an experience as "torture" if it were designed to be non-fatal so it could be stretched out indefinitely. I've had asthma since I was a kid, and I'd more gladly let someone punch me in the face a few dozen times than suffer serious shortness of breath for any length of time. The frequent repetition in the media of the phrase "made to believe he is drowning", even if it originated in ordinary journalistic verbal timidity rather than propaganda, is a gift to the pro-torture faction; it gives the false impression that this is all about clever psychological games and not physical abuse.
EDH,
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Hmm. I guess I'd discribe them as dishonest advocates of capital punishment. I don't really see a problem there, and I don't believe in capital punishment. That's an issue I've had to wrestle with some the last four years working on my project: 18 USC 2441 carries the death penalty when an offense results in the death of the victim, and the statute says "shall be subject to death" not "may be". Charly
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Andrew Koppelman, Defending American Religious Neutrality (Harvard University Press, 2013)
Brian Z. Tamanaha, Failing Law Schools (University of Chicago Press, 2012)
Sanford Levinson, Framed: America's 51 Constitutions and the Crisis of Governance (Oxford University Press, 2012)
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Mary Dudziak, War Time: An Idea, Its History, Its Consequences (Oxford University Press, 2012)
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Richard W. Garnett and Andrew Koppelman, First Amendment Stories, (Foundation Press 2011)
Jack M. Balkin, Constitutional Redemption: Political Faith in an Unjust World (Harvard University Press, 2011)
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Bernard Harcourt, The Illusion of Free Markets: Punishment and the Myth of Natural Order (Harvard University Press, 2010)
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Ian Ayres. Carrots and Sticks: Unlock the Power of Incentives to Get Things Done (Bantam Books, 2010)
Mark Tushnet, Why the Constitution Matters (Yale University Press 2010)
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Jack M. Balkin, The Laws of Change: I Ching and the Philosophy of Life (2d Edition, Sybil Creek Press 2009)
Brian Z. Tamanaha, Beyond the Formalist-Realist Divide: The Role of Politics in Judging (Princeton University Press 2009)
Andrew Koppelman and Tobias Barrington Wolff, A Right to Discriminate?: How the Case of Boy Scouts of America v. James Dale Warped the Law of Free Association (Yale University Press 2009)
Jack M. Balkin and Reva B. Siegel, The Constitution in 2020 (Oxford University Press 2009)
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Andrew Koppelman, Same Sex, Different States: When Same-Sex Marriages Cross State Lines (Yale University Press 2006)
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Sanford Levinson, Our Undemocratic Constitution (Oxford University Press 2006)
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Jack M. Balkin, ed., What Roe v. Wade Should Have Said (N.Y.U. Press 2005)
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